Italy, Fumone

Fulone has always been important. Here, Tarquinius Superbus, the last king of Rome, took refuge in search of new allies. From Roman times to the Middle Ages Fumone was a control point of the territory located between Rome and Naples, and its strength was to send out smoke signals in case of danger. It signaled the arrival of Hannibal coming from the leisure in Capua, then the assaults of the Saracens and the Normans: "When Fumone smokes / the whole country trembles." To control for Fumone meant not only to observe the enemy, but especially talk to the legions and coordinate them from a great distance. From the tenth century the story of Fumone is closely linked to that of the Church. Here in 1295 Boniface (Caetani) VIII effectively imprisoned Pope Celestino V, who had resigned in Naples the previous year. The Caetani family had control of Fumone control until 1600 when it became a town.